Why is Creating a DataFrame Copy Essential in Pandas?

When working with Pandas, it's crucial to understand the distinction between creating a data frame copy and simply referencing it. While indexing a data frame using my_dataframe[features_list] returns a view, some programmers prefer to copy the data frame using .copy() for specific reasons.

Advantages of Creating a Copy:

• Immutable Subset: A copy ensures that changes made to the subset (e.g., X) won't affect the original data frame (my_dataframe). This is particularly important when you want to isolate operations and avoid unintended consequences.

Disadvantages of Not Copying:

• Changes Propagate: If you don't create a copy, changes made to the subset will directly impact the original data frame. Consider this code:

df = DataFrame({'x': [1, 2]})
df_sub = df[0:1]  # No copy
df_sub.x = -1
print(df)  # Will output:   x
                            -1
                            2

As you can see, modifying df_sub has altered df as well.

Deprecation Note:

It's important to note that in newer versions of Pandas, the recommend approach is to use the loc or iloc methods for indexing, which implicitly create a copy without the need for .copy(). However, the deprecated .copy() usage remains relevant for older versions of Pandas.

By understanding the significance of creating a copy, you can effectively manage data frames in Pandas, keeping your original data safe from unintended modifications.