1. 종속성 추가

먼저 pom.xml 파일에 필요한 종속성을 추가합니다.

    org.apache.rocketmq
    rocketmq-spring-boot-starter
    2.3.1
    
        
            org.apache.rocketmq
            rocketmq-client
        
    




    org.apache.rocketmq
    rocketmq-client
    5.3.0

2. 구성 파일 bootstrap.yaml

bootstrap.yaml 파일에서 RocketMQ 설정을 구성합니다.

rocketmq:
  name-server: 192.168.1.1:9876;192.168.1.2:9876;192.168.1.3:9876 # Replace with actual NameServer addresses
  consumer:
    group: consume-group-test
    access-key: access # Configure if ACL is used
    secret-key: secret
    consume-message-batch-max-size: 50  # Max messages per batch
    pull-batch-size: 100  # Max messages pulled from Broker
  topics:
    project: "group-topic-1"
  groups:
    project: "consume-group-1"  # Use different groups for different business processes

3. 구성 클래스 MqConfigProperties

구성 클래스 MqConfigProperties를 생성합니다:

import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.autoconfigure.RocketMQProperties;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * RocketMQ Configuration Class
 */
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "rocketmq")
public class MqConfigProperties implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Autowired
    private RocketMQProperties rocketMQProperties;

    private TopicProperties topics;
    private GroupProperties groups;

    /**
     * Topic Configuration Class
     */
    @Data
    public static class TopicProperties implements Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
        private String project;
    }

    /**
     * Consumer Group Configuration Class
     */
    @Data
    public static class GroupProperties implements Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
        private String project;
    }
}

4. 소비자 코드 구현

소비자 클래스 UserConsumer를 생성합니다:

import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSONObject;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.DefaultMQPushConsumer;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyContext;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.MessageListenerConcurrently;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.rebalance.AllocateMessageQueueAveragely;
import org.apache.rocketmq.common.consumer.ConsumeFromWhere;
import org.apache.rocketmq.common.message.MessageExt;
import org.apache.rocketmq.remoting.RPCHook;
import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.support.RocketMQUtil;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.SmartLifecycle;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Batch Consumer Implementation
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class UserConsumer implements SmartLifecycle {

    @Resource
    private MqConfigProperties mqConfigProperties;

    @Resource
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private volatile boolean running;
    private DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer;

    @Override
    public void start() {
        if (isRunning()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Consumer is already running");
        }
        initConsumer();
        setRunning(true);
        log.info("UserConsumer started successfully.");
    }

    @Override
    public void stop() {
        if (isRunning() && consumer != null) {
            consumer.shutdown();
            setRunning(false);
            log.info("UserConsumer stopped.");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRunning() {
        return running;
    }

    private void setRunning(boolean running) {
        this.running = running;
    }

    private void initConsumer() {
        String topic = mqConfigProperties.getTopics().getProject();
        String group = mqConfigProperties.getGroups().getProject();
        String nameServer = mqConfigProperties.getRocketMQProperties().getNameServer();
        String accessKey = mqConfigProperties.getRocketMQProperties().getConsumer().getAccessKey();
        String secretKey = mqConfigProperties.getRocketMQProperties().getConsumer().getSecretKey();

        RPCHook rpcHook = RocketMQUtil.getRPCHookByAkSk(applicationContext.getEnvironment(), accessKey, secretKey);
        consumer = rpcHook != null
                ? new DefaultMQPushConsumer(group, rpcHook, new AllocateMessageQueueAveragely())
                : new DefaultMQPushConsumer(group);

        consumer.setNamesrvAddr(nameServer);
        consumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_LAST_OFFSET);
        consumer.setConsumeMessageBatchMaxSize(100);  // Set the batch size for consumption
        consumer.subscribe(topic, "*");
        consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
            @Override
            public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
                log.info("Received {} messages", msgs.size());
                for (MessageExt message : msgs) {
                    String body = new String(message.getBody());
                    log.info("Processing message: {}", body);
                    User user = JSONObject.parseObject(body, User.class);
                    processUser(user);
                }
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
        });

        consumer.start();
        log.info("UserConsumer initialized with topic [{}] and group [{}].", topic, group);
    }

    private void processUser(User user) {
        log.info("Processing user with ID: {}", user.getId());
        // Handle user-related business logic
    }
}

5. 생산자 예제 코드

일괄 메시지를 생성하려면 다음 UserProducer 클래스를 사용할 수 있습니다.

import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
import org.apache.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class UserProducer {

    private DefaultMQProducer producer;

    public void sendBatchMessages(List users, String topic) {
        List messages = new ArrayList();
        for (User user : users) {
            messages.add(new Message(topic, JSONObject.toJSONString(user).getBytes()));
        }
        try {
            producer.send(messages);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Error sending batch messages", e);
        }
    }
}

6. 추가 최적화 제안

• 성능 최적화: 소비자 스레드 풀의 크기를 조정할 수 있습니다. 기본적으로 ConsumeThreadMin=20 및 ConsumeThreadMax=20으로 설정됩니다. 동시성이 높은 시나리오에서는 스레드 풀 크기를 늘리면 성능이 향상될 수 있습니다.

• 오류 처리: 소비에 실패하면 RECONSUME_LATER를 사용하여 무한 재시도 루프를 피하도록 주의하세요. 비즈니스 요구 사항에 따라 최대 재시도 횟수를 설정하세요.

• 테넌트 격리: 다양한 비즈니스 모듈에 서로 다른 그룹을 사용하여 잘못된 그룹의 데이터 소비를 방지합니다. 이는 프로덕션 환경에서 특히 중요합니다.