manera fácil de convertir las rangas y columnas SQL

Si bien la función dinámica de SQL parece ser adecuada para la conversión de fila y columna, su complejidad puede ser prohibitiva. Si desea lograr esto de manera más fácil, considere la siguiente alternativa:

use union todo, funciones agregadas y declaraciones de casos

Este método usa todos para expandir los datos y luego usa la función agregada y la instrucción de caso para la perspectiva:

SELECT name,
  SUM(CASE WHEN color = 'Red' THEN value ELSE 0 END) AS Red,
  SUM(CASE WHEN color = 'Green' THEN value ELSE 0 END) AS Green,
  SUM(CASE WHEN color = 'Blue' THEN value ELSE 0 END) AS Blue
FROM
(
  SELECT color, Paul AS value, 'Paul' AS name
  FROM yourTable
  UNION ALL
  SELECT color, John AS value, 'John' AS name
  FROM yourTable
  UNION ALL
  SELECT color, Tim AS value, 'Tim' AS name
  FROM yourTable
  UNION ALL
  SELECT color, Eric AS value, 'Eric' AS name
  FROM yourTable
) AS src
GROUP BY name

deconstrucción estática y perspectiva

Si conoce el valor que desea convertir, use valores codificados para deconstrucción y perspectiva:

SELECT name, [Red], [Green], [Blue]
FROM
(
  SELECT color, name, value
  FROM yourTable
  UNPIVOT
  (
    value FOR name IN (Paul, John, Tim, Eric)
  ) AS unpiv
) AS src
PIVOT
(
  SUM(value)
  FOR color IN ([Red], [Green], [Blue])
) AS piv

Perspectiva dinámica

Para un número desconocido de columnas y colores, use SQL dinámico para generar una lista deconstruida y de perspectiva:

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

SELECT @colsUnpivot = STUFF((SELECT ','   QUOTENAME(C.name)
         FROM sys.columns AS C
         WHERE C.object_id = OBJECT_ID('yourtable') AND
               C.name  'color'
         FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 1, '')

SELECT @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT ','
                         QUOTENAME(color)
                     FROM yourtable AS t
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
        , 1, 1, '')

SET @query = 'SELECT name, '   @colsPivot   '
  FROM (
    SELECT color, name, value
    FROM yourtable
    UNPIVOT
    (
      value FOR name IN ('   @colsUnpivot   ')
    ) AS unpiv
  ) AS src
  PIVOT
  (
    SUM(value)
    FOR color IN ('   @colsPivot   ')
  ) AS piv'

EXEC(@query)

Los tres métodos producen los siguientes resultados: