pymysql Cannot Connect to MySQL on Localhost

When attempting to establish a connection to MySQL on localhost using PyMySQL, an error typically arises:

socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection refused
pymysql.err.OperationalError: (2003, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (111)")

Despite the confirmation that MySQL is running, the connection fails using PyMySQL, while MySQLdb allows for a successful connection on Python 2.

Potential Solutions:

1. Socket Location: Determine the socket's location by executing mysqladmin variables | grep socket. Provide the socket path during the connection setup:

pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', unix_socket="/tmp/mysql.sock")

2. Port Verification: Check that the MySQL port is 3306 using mysqladmin variables | grep port. If it differs, specify the port manually:

pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', host='localhost', port=XXXX)

One of these approaches should resolve the connection issue between PyMySQL and MySQL on localhost.