How to Disregard :hover CSS Styling on Touchscreen Devices

Challenge: Overcoming Hover Display Issues on Touch Devices

The :hover CSS property adds interactive styling to elements when hovered over with a mouse. However, this poses a problem on touch-based devices, where there is no notion of hovering. This can result in unexpected behavior or visual disturbances when users interact with elements on a touchscreen.

Solutions:

1. JavaScript Removal of :hover Styles

Using JavaScript, all CSS rules containing :hover can be removed, effectively disabling this property on touch devices. However, this method has drawbacks:

• Requires CSS modifications and compatibility issues in older browsers.
• Disables hover effects on mixed input devices (e.g., Surface, iPad Pro), impairing UX.

2. CSS-Only Media Queries

Enclosing :hover rules within @media blocks can disable hover effects on touch devices. However, this approach:

• Is limited to iOS 9.0 and modern browsers on Android.
• Breaks hover effects in older browsers or requires overriding all hover rules, impacting flexibility.

3. JavaScript Detection and CSS Prepending

By detecting touch input via JavaScript, a special class (e.g., hasHover) can be added to the document body. All :hover rules can then be prepended with this class to disable hover effects on touch devices. While this method works well, it still faces challenges on mixed input devices.

4. Dynamic Hover Detection and Class Toggling

This method combines JavaScript event handling and class manipulation to toggle hover effects dynamically. It enables hover effects when a mouse cursor is detected and disables them when a touch event occurs. This approach provides the most robust solution, working across a wide range of browsers and input devices.