Purpose: The for-each loop is used to sequentially traverse the elements of an array or collection, from beginning to end.

Syntax:

for(tipo var-iter : conjunto) {
  // bloco de instruções
}

Operation: At each iteration, the next element of the array is assigned to the iteration variable, which must have a type compatible with the elements of the array.

Advantages:

• Eliminates the need for a loop counter.
• Avoids the need to manually define loop limits.
• Reduces the chance of errors related to the array index.

Limitations:
The iteration variable is read-only, meaning it cannot be used to change the underlying array.
The loop loops through all elements of the array unless a break statement is used to exit the loop early.

Example of Limitation:
Even changing the iteration variable within the loop, this does not affect the original array:

for(int x : nums) {
  x = x * 10; // Sem efeito no array original
}

Use with Arrays and Collections: The for-each loop can also be used to cycle through elements of other collections in Java, in addition to arrays, such as those provided by the Collections Framework.