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Why Does GCC Fail to Compile Explicit Specialization in Non-Namespace Scope?
Published on 2024-12-21
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Explicit Specialization in Non-Namespace Scope
The given code fails to compile in GCC despite compiling successfully in Clang. According to the C standard ([temp.expl.spec]), explicit specializations can be declared in any scope where the corresponding primary template could be defined.
This behavior appears to be a bug in GCC. According to CWG 727, the rule in [temp.expl.spec] regarding explicit specialization has been modified to allow such declarations in any relevant scope.
Scope of Explicit Specialization
The original standard stated that explicit specialization should be declared in a namespace enclosing the specialized template. However, the current standard permits explicit specialization in any scope where the primary template can be defined:
- Class definitions (12.2)
- Member functions (17.6.2)
- Inline namespaces (10.3.1.2)
GCC's failure to adhere to this updated rule constitutes a bug. The issue has been identified as Bug 85282 and is currently tracked by the GCC development team.
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