Declaring Templated Structs/Classes as Friends

In the realm of C , declaring templated structs or classes as friends can present a syntax-related roadblock. To achieve this, consider the following approach:

template 
struct foo
{
    template 
    friend class foo;

private:
    // ...
};

This syntax appears to compile successfully. However, it declares all template instantiations of foo as friends to each other, regardless of the template parameter they take. This may or may not align with your intended use case.

If you need to limit the friendship to only specific instantiations, you can achieve this using this syntax:

template 
struct foo
{
    template 
    friend struct foo;

private:
    // ...
};

Unfortunately, this syntax doesn't allow for a generic declaration that includes all possible instantiations of foo.

Therefore, if your goal is to establish friendship across all of foo's template instantiations, the second approach using friend class foo is the closest you can get, given the constraints of C syntax.