The CRUD operations (create, read, update, delete) are the basic functionality of any web application when working with a database. This example will show you how to create the CRUD API with Go and using MySQL as a database.

Prerequisites

• Go 1.21
• MySQL

Setup project

Setting up the Go project dependencies.

go mod init app
go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin
go get gorm.io/gorm
go get gorm.io/driver/mysql
go get github.com/joho/godotenv

Create a testing database named "example" and run the database.sql file to import the table and data.

Project structure

├─ .env
├─ main.go
├─ config
│  └─ db.go
├─ controllers
│  └─ product_controller.go
├─ models
│  └─ product.go
├─ public
│  └─ index.html
└─ router
   └─ router.go

Project files

.env

This file contains the database connection information.

DB_HOST=localhost
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=example
DB_USER=root
DB_PASSWORD=

db.go

This file sets up the database connection using GORM. It declares a global variable DB to hold the database connection instance to use later in our application.

package config

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/joho/godotenv"
    "gorm.io/driver/mysql"
    "gorm.io/gorm"
    "gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

var DB *gorm.DB

func SetupDatabase() {
    godotenv.Load()
    connection := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s@tcp(%s:%s)/%s?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=true", os.Getenv("DB_USER"), os.Getenv("DB_PASSWORD"), os.Getenv("DB_HOST"), os.Getenv("DB_PORT"), os.Getenv("DB_DATABASE"))
    db, _ := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(connection), &gorm.Config{NamingStrategy: schema.NamingStrategy{SingularTable: true}})
    DB = db
}

router.go

This file sets up routing for a Gin web application. It initializes a router, serves a static index.html file at the root URL, defines API routes for CRUD operations.

package router

import (
    "app/controllers"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func SetupRouter() {
    productController := controllers.ProductController{}
    router := gin.Default()
    router.StaticFile("/", "./public/index.html")
    router.Group("/api").
        GET("/products", productController.Index).
        POST("/products", productController.Create).
        GET("/products/:id", productController.Get).
        PUT("/products/:id", productController.Update).
        DELETE("/products/:id", productController.Delete)
    router.Run()
}

product.go

This file defines the Product model for the application. This model is used for database operations involving products.

package models

type Product struct {
    Id int `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
    Name string
    Price float64
}

product_controller.go

This file defines all functions required to handle incoming requests and perform any CRUD operations.

package controllers

import (
    "app/config"
    "app/models"
    "net/http"
    "strconv"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type ProductController struct {
}

func (con *ProductController) Index(c *gin.Context) {
    var products []models.Product
    config.DB.Find(&products)
    c.JSON(http.StatusOK, products)
}

func (con *ProductController) Get(c *gin.Context) {
    var product models.Product
    config.DB.First(&product, c.Params.ByName("id"))
    c.JSON(http.StatusOK, product)
}

func (con *ProductController) Create(c *gin.Context) {
    var product models.Product
    c.BindJSON(&product)
    if err := config.DB.Create(&product).Error; err != nil {
        c.AbortWithError(http.StatusBadRequest, err)
        return
    }
    c.JSON(http.StatusOK, product)
}

func (con *ProductController) Update(c *gin.Context) {
    var product models.Product
    c.BindJSON(&product)
    product.Id, _ = strconv.Atoi(c.Params.ByName("id"))
    if err := config.DB.Updates(&product).Error; err != nil {
        c.AbortWithError(http.StatusBadRequest, err)
        return
    }
    c.JSON(http.StatusOK, product)
}

func (con *ProductController) Delete(c *gin.Context) {
    var product models.Product
    if err := config.DB.Delete(&product, c.Params.ByName("id")).Error; err != nil {
        c.AbortWithError(http.StatusBadRequest, err)
        return
    }
    c.Status(http.StatusOK)
}

c.BindJSON() parse the JSON payload from the request body into a Go struct.

config.DB the GORM instance that use to perform the desired database operation.

c.JSON() send a JSON response with the result of the operation and the appropriate HTTP status code.

main.go

This file is the main entry point of our application. It will create and setting up the Gin web application.

package main

import (
    "app/config"
    "app/router"
)

func main() {
    config.SetupDatabase()
    router.SetupRouter()
}

index.html

This file will be used to create a basic user interface for testing our API.

    
Example CRUD
    

• Get Products
• Get Product
• Create Product
• Update Product
• Delete Product