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Creating a responsive website is an essential skill for any front-end developer. A responsive website adjusts its layout and content based on the device and screen size, ensuring a great user experience across all devices. In this article, we'll walk you through the process of building a basic responsive website using HTML and CSS.
Before you begin, you should have a basic understanding of HTML and CSS. Familiarity with CSS Flexbox and media queries will also be beneficial.
Start by creating a new project folder and adding the following files:
Open index.html and add the basic HTML structure that you want it can be anything:
Responsive Website
My Responsive Website
Welcome to My Website
This is a simple responsive website built with HTML and CSS.
About Us
We provide excellent web development services.
Our Services
We offer a wide range of web development services.
Contact Us
Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries.
Next, open file styles.css and start by adding some basic styles:
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
line-height: 1.6;
}
header {
background: #333;
color: #fff;
padding: 1rem 0;
}
header h1 {
text-align: center;
}
nav ul {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
list-style: none;
}
nav ul li {
margin: 0 1rem;
}
nav ul li a {
color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;
}
main {
padding: 2rem;
}
section {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
footer {
background: #333;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
padding: 1rem 0;
position: fixed;
width: 100%;
bottom: 0;
}
To make the website responsive, we'll use media queries. These allow us to apply different styles based on the screen size. Add the following media Queries to styles.css:
@media (max-width: 768px) {
nav ul {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
}
nav ul li {
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
main {
padding: 1rem;
}
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
header h1 {
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
nav ul li {
margin: 0.25rem 0;
}
main {
padding: 0.5rem;
}
}
Open index.html in a web browser and resize the browser window to see how the layout adjusts for different screen sizes. You should see the navigation menu stack vertically and the padding around the content decrease as the screen width decreases.
You've now built a simple responsive website using HTML and CSS! This example covers the basics of structuring a web page and using media queries to create a responsive design. As you gain more experience, you can explore advanced techniques such as CSS Grid, Flexbox, and responsive images to create more complex and dynamic layouts.
Stay tuned!!!
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